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GTK+ CSSGTK+ CSS — Overview of CSS in GTK+ |
This chapter describes in detail how GTK+ uses CSS for styling and layout.
We loosely follow the CSS value definition specification in the formatting of syntax productions.
Nonterminals are enclosed in angle backets (〈〉), all other strings that are not listed here are literals |
Juxtaposition means all components must occur, in the given order |
A double ampersand (&&) means all components must occur, in any order |
A double bar (||) means one or more of the components must occur, in any order |
A single bar (|) indicates an alternative; exactly one of the components must occur |
Brackets ([]) are used for grouping |
A question mark (?) means that the preceding component is optional |
An asterisk (*) means zero or more copies of the preceding component |
A plus (+) means one or more copies of the preceding component |
A number in curly braces ({n}) means that the preceding component occurs exactly n times |
Two numbers in curly braces ({m,n}) mean that the preceding component occurs at least m times and at most n times |
GTK+ applies the style information found in style sheets by matching the selectors against a tree of nodes. Each node in the tree has a name, a state and possibly style classes. The children of each node are linearly ordered.
Every widget has one or more of these CSS nodes, and determines their name, state, style classes and how they are layed out as children and siblings in the overall node tree. The documentation for each widget explains what CSS nodes it has.
Example 6. The CSS nodes of a GtkScale
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scale[.fine-tune] ├── marks.top │ ├── mark ┊ ┊ │ ╰── mark ├── trough │ ├── slider │ ├── [highlight] │ ╰── [fill] ╰── marks.bottom ├── mark ┊ ╰── mark |
The basic structure of the style sheets understood by GTK+ is a series of statements, which are either rule sets or “@-rules”, separated by whitespace.
A rule set consists of a selector and a declaration block, which is a series of declarations enclosed in curly braces. The declarations are separated by semicolons. Multiple selectors can share the same declaration block, by putting all the separators in front of the block, separated by commas.
Example 7. A rule set with two selectors
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button, entry { color: #ff00ea; font: Comic Sans 12 } |
GTK+ supports the CSS @import rule, in order to load another style sheet in addition to the currently parsed one.
The syntax for @import rules is as follows:
〈import rule〉 = @import [ 〈url〉 | 〈string〉] ;
〈url〉 = url( 〈string〉)
To learn more about the @import rule, you can read the Cascading module of the CSS specification.
Selectors work very similar to the way they do in CSS.
Typically widgets have one or more CSS nodes with element names (GTK+ falls back to using the widget type if a widget has no element name) and style classes. When style classes are used in selectors, they have to be prefixed with a period. Widget names can be used in selectors like IDs. When used in a selector, widget names must be prefixed with a # character.
In more complicated situations, selectors can be combined in various ways. To require that a node satisfies several conditions, combine several selectors into one by concatenating them. To only match a node when it occurs inside some other node, write the two selectors after each other, separated by whitespace. To restrict the match to direct children of the parent node, insert a > character between the two selectors.
Example 9. Theme labels that are descendants of a window
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window label { background-color: #898989 } |
Example 11. Theme combo boxes, and entries that are direct children of a notebook
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combobox, notebook > entry { color: @fg_color; background-color: #1209a2 } |
It is possible to select CSS nodes depending on their position amongst their siblings by applying pseudo-classes to the selector, like :first-child, :last-child or :nth-child(even). When used in selectors, pseudo-classes must be prefixed with a : character.
Example 17. Theme labels in the first notebook tab
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notebook tab:first-child label { color: #89d012; } |
Another use of pseudo-classes is to match widgets depending on their state. The available pseudo-classes for widget states are :active, :hover :disabled, :selected, :focus, :indeterminate, :checked and :backdrop. In addition, the following pseudo-classes don't have a direct equivalent as a widget state: :dir(ltr) and :dir(rtl) (for text direction), :link and :visited (for links) and :drop(active) (for highlighting drop targets). Widget state pseudo-classes may only apply to the last element in a selector.
Example 19. Theme buttons with the mouse pointer over it
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button:hover { background-color: #3085a9; } |
Example 21. Theme checkbuttons that are checked
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checkbutton:checked { background-color: #56f9a0; } |
Example 23. Theme inconsistent checkbuttons
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checkbutton:indeterminate { background-color: #20395a; } |
To determine the effective style for a widget, all the matching rule sets are merged. As in CSS, rules apply by specificity, so the rules whose selectors more closely match a node will take precedence over the others.
The full syntax for selectors understood by GTK+ can be found in the table below. The main difference to CSS is that GTK+ does not currently support attribute selectors.
Table 1. Selector syntax
Pattern | Matches | Reference | Notes |
---|---|---|---|
* | any node | CSS | |
E | any node with name E | CSS | GTK+ uses the type name of the widget if no CSS name has been set |
E.class | any E node with the given style class | CSS | |
E#id | any E node with the given ID | CSS | GTK+ uses the widget name as ID |
E:nth‑child(〈nth‑child〉) | any E node which is the n-th child of its parent node | CSS | |
E:nth‑last‑child(〈nth‑child〉) | any E node which is the n-th child of its parent node, counting from the end | CSS | |
E:first‑child | any E node which is the first child of its parent node | CSS | |
E:last‑child | any E node which is the last child of its parent node | CSS | |
E:only‑child | any E node which is the only child of its parent node | CSS | Equivalent to E:first-child:last-child |
E:link, E:visited | any E node which represents a hyperlink, not yet visited (:link) or already visited (:visited) | CSS | Corresponds to GTK_STATE_FLAG_LINK and GTK_STATE_FLAGS_VISITED |
E:active, E:hover, E:focus | any E node which is part of a widget with the corresponding state | CSS | Corresponds to GTK_STATE_FLAG_ACTIVE, GTK_STATE_FLAG_PRELIGHT and GTK_STATE_FLAGS_FOCUSED; GTK+ also allows E:prelight and E:focused |
E:disabled | any E node which is part of a widget with is disabled | CSS | Corresponds to GTK_STATE_FLAG_INSENSITIVE; GTK+ also allows E:insensitive |
E:checked | any E node which is part of a widget (e.g. radio- or checkbuttons) which is checked | CSS | Corresponds to GTK_STATE_FLAG_CHECKED |
E:indeterminate | any E node which is part of a widget (e.g. radio- or checkbuttons) which is in an inconsistent state | CSS3, CSS4 | Corresponds to GTK_STATE_FLAG_INCONSISTENT; GTK+ also allows E:inconsistent |
E:backdrop, E:selected | any E node which is part of a widget with the corresponding state | Corresponds to GTK_STATE_FLAG_BACKDROP, GTK_STATE_FLAG_SELECTED | |
E:not(〈selector〉) | any E node which does not match the simple selector 〈selector〉 | CSS | |
E:dir(ltr), E:dir(rtl) | any E node that has the corresponding text direction | CSS4 | |
E:drop(active) | any E node that is an active drop target for a current DND operation | CSS4 | |
E F | any F node which is a descendent of an E node | CSS | |
E > F | any F node which is a child of an E node | CSS | |
E ~ F | any F node which is preceded by an E node | CSS | |
E + F | any F node which is immediately preceded by an E node | CSS |
〈nth-child〉 = even | odd | 〈integer〉 | 〈integer〉n | 〈integer〉n [ + | - ] 〈integer〉
To learn more about selectors in CSS, read the Selectors module of the CSS specification.
CSS allows to specify colors in various ways, using numeric values or names from a predefined list of colors.
〈color〉 = currentColor | transparent | 〈color name〉 | 〈rgb color〉 | 〈rgba color〉 | 〈hex color〉 | 〈gtk color〉
〈rgb color 〉 = rgb( 〈number〉, 〈number〉, 〈number〉 ) | rgb( 〈percentage〉, 〈percentage〉, 〈percentage〉 )
〈rgba color 〉 = rgba(〈number〉, 〈number〉, 〈number〉, 〈alpha value〉) | rgba( 〈percentage〉, 〈percentage〉, 〈percentage〉, 〈alpha value〉 )
〈hex color〉 = #〈hex digits〉
〈alpha value〉 = 〈number〉, clamped to values between 0 and 1.
The keyword currentColor resolves to the current value of the color property when used in another property, and to the inherited value of the color property when used in the color property itself.
The keyword transparent can be considered a shorthand for rgba(0,0,0,0).
For a list of valid color names and for more background on colors in CSS, see the Color module of the CSS specification.
Example 24. Specifying colors in various ways
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color: transparent; background-color: red; border-top-color: rgb(128,57,0); border-left-color: rgba(10%,20%,30%,0.5); border-right-color: #ff00cc; border-bottom-color: #ffff0000cccc; |
GTK+ adds several additional ways to specify colors.
〈gtk color〉 = 〈symbolic color〉 | 〈color expression〉| 〈win32 color〉
The first is a reference to a color defined via a @define-color rule. The syntax for @define-color rules is as follows:
〈define color rule〉 = @define-color 〈name〉 〈color〉
To refer to the color defined by a @define-color rule, use the name from the rule, prefixed with @.
〈symbolic color〉 = @〈name〉
Example 25. An example for defining colors
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@define-color bg_color #f9a039; * { background-color: @bg_color; } |
GTK+ also allows to form color expressions, which can be nested and provide a rich language to define colors which are derived from a set of base colors.
〈color expression〉 = ligher(〈color〉) | darker(〈color〉) | shade(〈number〉,〈color〉) | alpha(〈number〉,〈color〉) | mix(〈number〉,〈color〉,〈color〉)
On Windows, GTK+ allows to refer to system colors, as follows:
〈win32 color〉 = -gtk-win32-color( 〈name〉, 〈integer〉)
CSS allows to specify images in various ways, for backgrounds and borders.
〈image〉 = 〈url〉 | 〈crossfade〉 | 〈gradient〉 | 〈gtk image〉
〈crossfade〉 = cross-fade( 〈percentage〉, 〈image〉, 〈image〉)
〈gradient〉 = 〈linear gradient〉 | 〈radial gradient〉
〈linear gradient〉 = [ linear-gradient | repeating-linear-gradient ] (
[ [ 〈angle〉 | to 〈side or corner〉 ] , ]?
〈color stops〉 )
〈radial gradient〉 = [ radial‑gradient | repeating‑radial‑gradient ] (
[ [ 〈shape〉 || 〈size〉 ] [ at 〈position〉 ]? , | at 〈position〉, ]?
〈color stops〉 )
〈side or corner〉 = [ left | right ] || [ top | bottom ]
〈color stops〉 = 〈color stop〉 [ , 〈color stop〉]+
〈color stop〉 = 〈color〉 [ 〈percentage〉 | 〈length〉 ]?
〈shape〉 = circle | ellipse
〈size〉 = 〈extent keyword〉 | 〈length〉 | [ 〈length〉 | 〈percentage〉 ]{1,2}
〈extent keyword〉 = closest-size | farthest-side | closest-corner | farthest-corner
The simplest way to specify an image in CSS is to load an image file from a URL. CSS does not specify anything about supported file formats; within GTK+, you can expect at least PNG, JPEG and SVG to work. The full list of supported image formats is determined by the available gdk-pixbuf image loaders and may vary between systems.
A crossfade lets you specify an image as an intermediate between two images. Crossfades are specified in the draft of the level 4 Image module of the CSS specification.
Example 27. Crossfading two images
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button { background-image: cross-fade(50%, url("water-lily.png"), url("buffalo.jpg")); } |
Gradients are images that smoothly fades from one color to another. CSS provides ways to specify repeating and non-repeating linear and radial gradients. Radial gradients can be circular, or axis-aligned ellipses. In addition to CSS gradients, GTK+ has its own -gtk-gradient extensions.
A linear gradient is created by specifying a gradient line and then several colors placed along that line. The gradient line may be specified using an angle, or by using direction keywords.
Example 28. Linear gradients
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button { background-image: linear-gradient(45deg, yellow, blue); } label { background-image: linear-gradient(to top right, blue 20%, #f0f 80%); } |
A radial gradient is created by specifying a center point and one or two radii. The radii may be given explicitly as lengths or percentages or indirectly, by keywords that specify how the end circle or ellipsis should be positioned relative to the area it is derawn in.
Example 29. Radial gradients
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button { background-image: radial-gradient(ellipse at center, yellow 0%, green 100%); } label { background-image: radial-gradient(circle farthest-side at left bottom, red, yellow 50px, green); } |
To learn more about gradients in CSS, including details of how color stops are placed on the gradient line and keywords for specifying radial sizes, you can read the Image module of the CSS specification.
GTK+ extends the CSS syntax for images and also uses it for specifying icons.
〈gtk image〉 = 〈gtk gradient〉 | 〈themed icon〉 | 〈scaled image〉 | 〈win32 theme part〉
GTK+ supports an alternative syntax for linear and radial gradients (which was implemented before CSS gradients were supported).
〈gtk gradient〉 = 〈gtk linear gradient〉 | 〈gtk radial gradient〉
〈gtk linear gradient〉 = -gtk-gradient(linear,
[ 〈x position〉 〈y position〉 , ]{2}
〈gtk color stops〉 )
〈gtk radial gradient〉 = -gtk-gradient(radial,
[ 〈x position〉 〈y position〉 , 〈radius〉 , ]{2}
〈gtk color stops〉 )
〈x position〉 = left | right | center | 〈number〉
〈y position〉 = top | bottom | center | 〈number〉
〈radius 〉 = 〈number〉
〈gtk color stops〉 = 〈gtk color stop〉 [ , 〈gtk color stop〉 ]+
〈gtk color stop〉 = color-stop( 〈number〉 , 〈color〉 ) | from( 〈color〉 ) | to( 〈color〉 )
The numbers used to specify x and y positions, radii, as well as the positions of color stops, must be between 0 and 1. The keywords for for x and y positions (left, right, top, bottom, center), map to numeric values of 0, 1 and 0.5 in the obvious way. Color stops using the from() and to() syntax are abbreviations for color-stop with numeric positions of 0 and 1, respectively.
Example 30. Linear gradients
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button { background-image: -gtk-gradient (linear, left top, right bottom, from(@yellow), to(@blue)); } label { background-image: -gtk-gradient (linear, 0 0, 0 1, color-stop(0, @yellow), color-stop(0.2, @blue), color-stop(1, #0f0)); } |
Example 31. Radial gradients
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button { background-image: -gtk-gradient (radial, center center, 0, center center, 1, from(@yellow), to(@green)); } label { background-image: -gtk-gradient (radial, 0.4 0.4, 0.1, 0.6 0.6, 0.7, color-stop(0, #f00), color-stop(0.1, $a0f), color-stop(0.2, @yellow), color-stop(1, @green)); } |
GTK+ has extensive support for loading icons from icon themes. It is accessible from CSS with the -gtk-icontheme syntax.
〈themed icon〉 = -gtk-icontheme( 〈icon name〉 )
The specified icon name is used to look up a themed icon, while taking the values of the -gtk-icon-style and -gtk-icon-theme properties. This kind of image is mainly used as value of the -gtk-icon-source property.
Example 32. Using themed icons in CSS
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spinner { -gtk-icon-source: -gtk-icontheme('process-working'); -gtk-icon-style: symbolic; } arrow.fancy { -gtk-icon-source: -gtk-icontheme('pan-down'); -gtk-icon-theme: 'Oxygen'; } |
GTK+ supports scaled rendering on hi-resolution displays. This works best if images can be specify normal and hi-resolution variants. From CSS, this can be done with the -gtk-scaled syntax.
〈scaled image〉 = -gtk-scaled( 〈image〉[, 〈image〉]* )
While -gtk-scaled accepts multiple higher-resolution variants, in practice, it will mostly be used to specify a regular image and one variant for scale 2.
Example 33. Scaled images in CSS
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arrow { -gtk-icon-source: -gtk-scaled(url('my-arrow.png'), url('my-arrow@2.png')); } |
On Windows, GTK+ allows to refer to system theme parts as images, as follows:
〈win32 theme part〉 = -gtk-win32-theme-part( 〈name〉, 〈integer〉 〈integer〉
[, [ over( 〈integer〉 〈integer〉 [ , 〈alpha value〉]? ) | margins( 〈integer〉{1,4} ) ] ]* )
CSS defines a mechanism by which changes in CSS property values can be made to take effect gradually, instead of all at once. GTK+ supports these transitions as well.
To enable a transition for a property when a rule set takes effect, it needs to be listed in the transition-property property in that rule set. Only animatable properties can be listed in the transition-property.
The details of a transition can modified with the transition-duration, transition-timing-function and transition-delay properties.
To learn more about transitions, you can read the Transitions module of the CSS specification.
In addition to transitions, which are triggered by changes of the underlying node tree, CSS also supports defined animations. While transitions specify how property values change from one value to a new value, animations explicitly define intermediate property values in keyframes.
Keyframes are defined with an @-rule which contains one or more of rule sets with special selectors. Property declarations for nonanimatable properties are ignored in these rule sets (with the exception of animation properties).
〈keyframe rule〉 = @keyframes 〈name〉 { 〈animation rule〉 }
〈animation rule〉 = 〈animation selector〉 { 〈declaration〉* }
〈animation selector〉 = 〈single animation selector〉 [ , 〈single animation selector ]*
〈single animation selector〉 = from | to | 〈percentage〉
To enable an animation, the name of the keyframes must be set as the value of the animation-name property. The details of the animation can modified with the animation-time, animation-timing-function, animation-iteration-count and other animation properties.
Example 34. A CSS animation
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@keyrframes spin { to { -gtk-icon-transform: rotate(1turn); } } spinner { animation-name: spin; animation-time: 1s; animation-timing-function: linear; animation-iteration-count: infinite; } |
To learn more about animations, you can read the Animations module of the CSS specification.
In order to extend key bindings affecting different widgets, GTK+ supports the @binding-set rule to parse a set of bind/unbind directives. Note that in order to take effect, the binding sets defined in this way must be associated with rule sets by setting the -gtk-key-bindings property.
The syntax for @binding-set rules is as follows:
〈binding set rule〉 = @binding-set 〈binding name〉{ [ [ 〈binding〉 | 〈unbinding〉] ; ]* }
〈binding〉 = bind "〈accelerator〉" { 〈signal emission〉* }
〈signal emission〉 = "〈signal name〉" ( [ 〈argument〉[ , 〈argument〉]* ]? }
〈unbinding〉 = unbind "〈accelerator〉" ;
where 〈accelerator〉 is a string that can be parsed by gtk_accelerator_parse(), 〈signal name〉 is the name of a keybinding signal of the widget in question, and the 〈argument〉 list must be according to the signals declaration.
Example 35. An example for using the @binding-set rule
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@binding-set binding-set1 { bind "<alt>Left" { "move-cursor" (visual-positions, -3, 0) }; unbind "End"; }; @binding-set binding-set2 { bind "<alt>Right" { "move-cursor" (visual-positions, 3, 0) }; bind "<alt>KP_space" { "delete-from-cursor" (whitespace, 1) "insert-at-cursor" (" ") }; }; entry { -gtk-key-bindings: binding-set1, binding-set2; } |
GTK+ supports CSS properties and shorthands as far as they can be applied in the context of widgets, and only adds its own properties only when needed. All GTK+-specific properties have a -gtk prefix.
All properties support the following keywords: inherit, initial, unset.
The following basic datatypes are used throughout:
〈length〉 = 〈number〉 [ px | pt | em | ex | pc | in | cm | mm ]
〈percentage〉 = 〈number〉 %
〈angle〉 = 〈number〉 [ deg | grad | turn ]
〈time〉 = 〈number〉 [ s | ms ]
Length values with the em or ex units are resolved using the font size value, unless they occur in setting the font-size itself, in which case they are resolved using the inherited font size value.
A common pattern among shorthand properties (called 'four sides') is one where one to four values can be specified, to determine a value for each side of an area. In this case, the specified values are interpreted as follows:
4 values: |
top right bottom left |
3 values: |
top horizontal left |
2 values: |
vertical horizontal |
1 value: |
all |
The color property specifies the color to use for text, icons and other foreground rendering. The opacity property specifies the opacity that is used to composite the widget onto its parent widget.
Table 3. Font Properties
Name | Value | Initial | Inh. | Ani. | Reference | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
font‑family | 〈family name〉 [ , 〈family name〉 ]* | gtk-font-name setting | ✓ | CSS2, CSS3 | ||
font‑size | 〈absolute size〉 | 〈relative size〉 | 〈length〉 | 〈percentage〉 | gtk-font-name setting | ✓ | ✓ | CSS2, CSS3 | |
font‑style | normal | oblique | italic | normal | ✓ | CSS2, CSS3 | ||
font‑variant | normal | small-caps | normal | ✓ | CSS2, CSS3 | only CSS2 values supported | |
font‑weight | normal | bold | bolder | lighter | 100 | 200 | 300 | 400 | 500 | 600 | 700 | 800 | 900 | normal | ✓ | ✓ | CSS2, CSS3 | normal is synonymous with 400, bold with 700 |
font‑stretch | ultra-condensed | extra-condensed | condensed | semi-condensed | normal | semi-expanded | expanded | extra-expanded | ultra-expanded | normal | ✓ | CSS3 | ||
‑gtk‑dpi | 〈number〉 | screen resolution | ✓ | ✓ |
Shorthand | Value | Initial | Reference | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|
font | [ 〈font-style〉 || 〈font-variant〉 || 〈font-weight〉 || 〈font-stretch〉 ]? 〈font-size〉 〈font-family〉 | see individual properties | CSS2, CSS3 | CSS allows line-height, etc |
〈absolute size〉 = xx-small | x-small | small | medium | large | x-large | xx-large
〈relative size〉 = larger | smaller
The font properties determine the font to use for rendering text. Relative font sizes and weights are resolved relative to the inherited value for these properties.
Table 4. Text caret properties
Name | Value | Initial | Inh. | Ani. | Reference | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
caret-color | 〈color〉 | currentColor | ✓ | ✓ | CSS3 | CSS allows an auto value |
-gtk-secondary-caret-color | 〈color〉 | currentColor | ✓ | ✓ | Used for the secondary caret in bidirectional text |
The caret properties provide a way to change the appearance of the insertion caret in editable text.
Table 5. Text decoration properties
Name | Value | Initial | Inh. | Ani. | Reference | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
letter‑spacing | 〈length〉 | 0px | ✓ | ✓ | CSS3 | |
text‑decoration‑line | none | underline | line-through | none | CSS2, CSS3 | CSS allows overline | ||
text‑decoration‑color | 〈color〉 | currentColor | ✓ | CSS3 | ||
text‑decoration‑style | solid | double | wavy | solid | CSS3 | CSS allows dashed and dotted | ||
text‑shadow | none | 〈shadow〉 | none | ✓ | ✓ | CSS3 |
Shorthand | Value | Initial | Reference | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|
text‑decoration | 〈text-decoration-line〉 || 〈text-decoration-style〉 || 〈text-decoration-color〉 | see individual properties | CSS3 |
〈shadow〉 = 〈length〉 〈length〉 〈color〉?
The text decoration properties determine whether to apply extra decorations when rendering text.
Table 6. Icon Properties
Name | Value | Initial | Inh. | Ani. | Reference | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
‑gtk‑icon‑source | builtin | 〈image〉 | none | builtin | ✓ | |||
‑gtk‑icon‑transform | none | 〈transform〉+ | none | ✓ | |||
‑gtk‑icon‑style | requested | regular | symbolic | requested | ✓ | |||
‑gtk‑icon‑theme | 〈name〉 | current icon theme | ✓ | Since 3.20 | ||
‑gtk‑icon‑palette | default | 〈name〉 〈color〉 [ , 〈name〉 〈color〉 ]* | default | ✓ | ✓ | Since 3.20 | |
‑gtk‑icon‑shadow | none | 〈shadow〉 | none | ✓ | ✓ | ||
‑gtk‑icon‑effect | none | highlight | dim | none | ✓ |
〈transform〉 = matrix( 〈number〉 [ , 〈number〉 ]{5} ) | translate( 〈length〉, 〈length〉 ) | translateX( 〈length〉 ) | translateY( 〈length〉 ) |
scale( 〈number〉[ , 〈number〉 ]? ) | scaleX( 〈number〉 ) | scaleY( 〈number〉 ) | rotate( 〈angle〉 ) | skew( 〈angle〉 [ , 〈angle〉 ]? ) |
skewX( 〈angle〉 ) | skewY( 〈angle〉 )
The icon properties are used by widgets that are rendering 'icons', such as arrows, expanders, spinners, checks or radios. -gtk-icon-style and -gtk-icon-theme are used when resolving images using the -gtk-icontheme syntax. -gtk-icon-palette defines a color palette for recoloring symbolic icons. The recognized names for colors in symbolic icons are "error", "warning" and "success".
Table 7. Box properties
Name | Value | Initial | Inh. | Ani. | Reference | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
min‑width | 〈length〉 | 0px | ✓ | CSS2, CSS3 | CSS allows percentages | |
min‑height | 〈length〉 | 0px | ✓ | CSS2, CSS3 | CSS allows percentages | |
margin‑top | 〈length〉 | 0px | ✓ | CSS2, CSS3 | CSS allows percentages or auto | |
margin‑right | 〈length〉 | 0px | ✓ | CSS2, CSS3 | CSS allows percentages or auto | |
margin‑bottom | 〈length〉 | 0px | ✓ | CSS2, CSS3 | CSS allows percentages or auto | |
margin‑left | 〈length〉 | 0px | ✓ | CSS2, CSS3 | CSS allows percentages or auto | |
padding‑top | 〈length〉 | 0px | ✓ | CSS2, CSS3 | CSS allows percentages | |
padding‑right | 〈length〉 | 0px | ✓ | CSS2, CSS3 | CSS allows percentages | |
padding‑bottom | 〈length〉 | 0px | ✓ | CSS2, CSS3 | CSS allows percentages | |
padding‑left | 〈length〉 | 0px | ✓ | CSS2, CSS3 | CSS allows percentages |
Shorthand | Value | Initial | Reference | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|
margin | 〈length〉{1,4} | see individual properties | CSS2, CSS3 | a 'four sides' shorthand |
padding | 〈length〉{1,4} | see individual properties | CSS2, CSS3 | a 'four sides' shorthand |
Table 8. Border properties
Name | Value | Initial | Inh. | Ani. | Reference | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
border‑top‑width | 〈length〉 | 0px | ✓ | CSS2, CSS3 | CSS allows other values | |
border‑right‑width | 〈length〉 | 0px | ✓ | CSS2, CSS3 | CSS allows other values | |
border‑bottom‑width | 〈length〉 | 0px | ✓ | CSS2, CSS3 | CSS allows other values | |
border‑right‑width | 〈length〉 | 0px | ✓ | CSS2, CSS3 | CSS allows other values | |
border‑top‑style | 〈border style〉 | none | CSS2, CSS3 | |||
border‑right‑style | 〈border style〉 | none | CSS2, CSS3 | |||
border‑bottom‑style | 〈border style〉 | none | CSS2, CSS3 | |||
border‑left‑style | 〈border style〉 | none | CSS2, CSS3 | |||
border‑top‑right‑radius | 〈corner radius〉 | 0 | ✓ | CSS2, CSS3 | ||
border‑bottom‑right‑radius | 〈corner radius〉 | 0 | ✓ | CSS2, CSS3 | ||
border‑bottom‑left‑radius | 〈corner radius〉 | 0 | ✓ | CSS2, CSS3 | ||
border‑top‑left‑radius | 〈corner radius〉 | 0 | ✓ | CSS2, CSS3 | ||
border‑top‑color | 〈color〉 | currentColor | ✓ | CSS2, CSS3 | ||
border‑right‑color | 〈color〉 | currentColor | ✓ | CSS2, CSS3 | ||
border‑bottom‑color | 〈color〉 | currentColor | ✓ | CSS2, CSS3 | ||
border‑left‑color | 〈color〉 | currentColor | ✓ | CSS2, CSS3 | ||
border‑image‑source | 〈image〉 | none | none | ✓ | CSS3 | ||
border‑image‑repeat | 〈border repeat〉{1,2} | stretch | CSS3 | |||
border‑image‑slice | [ 〈number〉 | 〈percentage〉 ]{1,4} && fill? | 100% | CSS3 | a 'four sides' shorthand | ||
border‑image‑width | [ 〈length〉 | 〈number〉 | 〈percentage〉 | auto ]{1,4} | 1 | CSS3 | a 'four sides' shorthand |
Shorthand | Value | Initial | Reference | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|
border‑width | 〈length〉{1,4} | see individual properties | CSS2, CSS3 | a 'four sides' shorthand |
border‑style | 〈border style〉{1,4} | see individual properties | CSS2, CSS3 | a 'four sides' shorthand |
border‑color | 〈color〉{1,4} | see individual properties | CSS3 | a 'four sides' shorthand |
border‑top | 〈length〉 || 〈border style〉 || 〈color〉 | see individual properties | CSS2, CSS3 | |
border‑left | 〈length〉 || 〈border style〉 || 〈color〉 | see individual properties | CSS2, CSS3 | |
border‑bottom | 〈length〉 || 〈border style〉 || 〈color〉 | see individual properties | CSS2, CSS3 | |
border‑right | 〈length〉 || 〈border style〉 || 〈color〉 | see individual properties | CSS2, CSS3 | |
border | 〈length〉 || 〈border style〉 || 〈color〉 | see individual properties | CSS2, CSS3 | |
border‑radius | [ 〈length〉 | 〈percentage〉 ]{1,4} [ / [ 〈length〉 | 〈percentage> ]{1,4} ]? | see individual properties | CSS3 | |
border‑image | 〈border-image-source〉 || 〈border-image-slice〉 [ / 〈border-image-width〉 | / 〈border-image-width〉? / 〈border-image-outset〉 ]? || 〈border-image-repeat〉 | see individual properties | CSS3 |
〈border style〉 = none | solid | inset | outset | hidden | dotted | dashed | double | groove | ridge
〈corner radius〉 = [ 〈length〉 | 〈percentage〉 ]{1,2}
Table 9. Outline properties
Name | Value | Initial | Inh. | Ani. | Reference | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
outline‑style | none | solid | inset | outset | hidden | dotted | dashed | double | groove | ridge | none | CSS2, CSS3 | |||
outline‑width | 〈length〉 | 0px | ✓ | CSS2, CSS3 | ||
outline‑color | 〈color〉 | currentColor | ✓ | CSS2, CSS3 | ||
outline‑offset | 〈length〉 | 0px | CSS3 | |||
‑gtk‑outline‑top‑left‑radius | 〈corner radius〉 | 0 | ✓ | |||
‑gtk‑outline‑top‑right‑radius | 〈corner radius〉 | 0 | ✓ | |||
‑gtk‑outline‑bottom‑right‑radius | 〈corner radius〉 | 0 | ✓ | |||
‑gtk‑outline‑bottom‑left‑radius | 〈corner radius〉 | 0 | ✓ |
Shorthand | Value | Initial | Reference | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|
outline | 〈outline-color〉 || 〈outline-style〉 || 〈outline-width〉 | see individual properties | CSS2, CSS3 | |
‑gtk‑outline‑radius | [ 〈length〉|〈percentage〉 ]{1,4} [ / [〈length〉 | 〈percentage> ]{1,4} ]? | see individual properties |
Table 10. Background properties
Name | Value | Initial | Inh. | Ani. | Reference | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
background‑color | 〈color〉 | rgba(0,0,0,0) | ✓ | CSS2, CSS3 | ||
background‑clip | 〈box〉 [ , 〈box〉 ]* | border-box | CSS3 | |||
background‑origin | 〈box〉 [ , 〈box〉 ]* | padding-box | CSS3 | |||
background‑size | 〈bg-size〉 [ , 〈bg-size〉 ]* | auto | ✓ | CSS3 | ||
background‑position | 〈position〉 [ , 〈position〉 ]* | 0 | ✓ | CSS2, CSS3 | ||
background‑repeat | 〈bg-repeat 〉[ , 〈bg-repeat〉 ]* | repeat | CSS2, CSS3 | |||
background‑image | 〈bg-image〉[ , 〈bg-image〉 ]* | none | ✓ | CSS2, CSS3 | not supported: urls without quotes, CSS radial gradients, colors in crossfades | |
box‑shadow | none | 〈box shadow〉 [ , 〈box shadow〉 ]* | none | ✓ | CSS3 |
Shorthand | Value | Initial | Reference | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|
background |
[ 〈bg-layer〉 , ]* 〈final-bg-layer〉 | see individual properties | CSS2, CSS3 |
〈box〉 = border-box | padding-box | content-box
〈bg-size〉 = [ 〈length〉 | 〈percentage〉 | auto ]{1,2} | cover | contain
〈position〉 = [ left | right | center | top | bottom | 〈percentage〉 | 〈length〉 ]{1,2,3,4}
〈bg-repeat〉 = repeat-x | repeat-y | [ no-repeat | repeat | round | space ]{1,2}
〈bg-image〉 = 〈image〉 | none
〈bg-layer〉 = 〈bg-image〉 || 〈position〉 [ / 〈bg-size〉 ]? || 〈bg-repeat〉 || 〈box〉 || 〈box〉
〈final-bg-layer〉 = 〈bg-image〉 || 〈position〉 [ / 〈bg-size〉 ]? || 〈bg-repeat〉 || 〈box〉 || 〈box〉|| 〈color〉
〈box shadow〉 = inset? && 〈length〉{2,4}? && 〈color〉?
Table 11. Transition properties
Name | Value | Initial | Inh. | Ani. | Reference | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
transition‑property | none | all | 〈property name〉 [ , 〈property name〉 ]* | all | CSS3 | |||
transition‑duration | 〈time〉 [ , 〈time〉 ]* | 0s | CSS3 | |||
transition‑timing‑function | 〈single‑timing‑function〉[ , 〈single‑timing‑function〉 ]* | ease | CSS3 | |||
transition‑delay | 〈time〉 [ , 〈time〉 ]* | 0s | CSS3 |
Shorthand | Value | Initial | Reference | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|
transition | 〈single-transition〉 [ , 〈single-transition〉 ]* | see individual properties | CSS3 |
〈single-timing-function〉 = ease | linear | ease-in | ease-out | ease-in-out |
step-start | step-end | steps( 〈integer〉 [ , [ start | end ] ]? ) | cubic-bezier( 〈number〉, 〈number〉, 〈number〉, 〈number〉 )
〈single-transition〉 = [ none | 〈property name〉 ] || 〈time〉 || 〈single-transition-timing-function〉 || 〈time〉
Table 12. Animation properties
Name | Value | Initial | Inh. | Ani. | Reference | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
animation‑name | 〈single-animation-name〉 [ , 〈single-animation-name〉 ]* | none | CSS3 | |||
animation‑duration | 〈time〉 [ , 〈time〉 ]* | 0s | CSS3 | |||
animation‑timing‑function | 〈single‑timing‑function〉 [ , 〈single‑timing‑function〉 ]* | ease | CSS3 | |||
animation‑iteration-count | 〈single‑animation‑iteration‑count〉 [ , 〈single‑animation‑iteration‑count〉 ]* | 1 | CSS3 | |||
animation‑direction | 〈single‑animation‑direction〉 [ , 〈single‑animation‑direction〉 ]* | normal | CSS3 | |||
animation‑play‑state | 〈single‑animation‑play‑state〉 [ , 〈single‑animation‑play‑state〉 ]* | running | CSS3 | |||
animation‑delay | 〈time〉 [ , 〈time〉 ]* | 0s | CSS3 | |||
animation‑fill‑mode | 〈single‑animation‑fill‑mode〉 [ , 〈single‑animation‑fill‑mode〉 ]* | none | CSS3 |
Shorthand | Value | Initial | Reference | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|
animation | 〈single‑animation〉 [ , 〈single‑animation〉]* | CSS3 |
〈single-animation-name〉 = none | 〈property name〉
〈single-animation-iteration-count〉 = infinite | 〈number〉
〈single-animation-direction〉 = normal | reverse | alternate | alternate-reverse
〈single-animation-play-state〉 = running | paused
〈single-animation-fill-mode〉 = none | forwards | backwards | both
〈single-animation〉 = 〈single-animation-name〉 || 〈time〉 || 〈single-timing-function〉 || 〈time〉 ||
〈single-animation-iteration-count〉 || 〈single-animation-direction〉 || 〈single-animation-play-state〉 || 〈single-animation-fill-mode〉
Table 13. Key binding properties
Name | Value | Initial | Inh. | Ani. | Reference | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
‑gtk‑key‑bindings | none | 〈binding name〉 [ , 〈binding name〉 ]* | none |
〈binding name〉 must have been assigned to a binding set with a @binding-set rule.